Maintenance cost is zero except for domain name renewal.

Capital risk is minimal unless the traffic volume immediately presale has been somehow artificially “pumped” (caveat emptor) OR if there is substantial “hope” value built in for potential as a brand name (eg Vodka.com).

I avoid domains with brand hope value because vendors typically overrate the value. Also “hope” is too risky and illiquid to tempt this coward to part with hard cash.

So excluding intangibles like “hope”, what base value would you place on “parked” domains with no maintenance?